Mastering Fire: How to Guide to Lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker Without a Chimney

When it comes to igniting your Pit Barrel Cooker and embarking on a mouthwatering barbecue adventure, you might be accustomed to using a chimney starter. While chimney starters are a popular choice for lighting charcoal, there are alternative methods when it comes to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney.

Alternative Charcoal Ignition

The process of lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney involves discovering innovative and hassle-free ways to get your charcoal ready for cooking. Whether you're looking to save time, experiment with new techniques, or simply don't have a chimney starter on hand, these alternative methods open up a world of possibilities for your Pit Barrel cooking experience.

By exploring these alternative methods to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, you'll gain valuable insights into efficient fire-starting processes that can elevate your barbecue game. From using electric charcoal starters to mastering the art of lighting charcoal with newspaper and a pyramid formation, this guide will delve into various options that enable you to enjoy the smoky, flavorful results of lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney.

In the following sections, we'll dive deep into each method of lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, offering step-by-step instructions, pro tips, and safety precautions to ensure your PBC is lit without a chimney starter with confidence and ease.

Whether you're a seasoned PBC enthusiast or a newcomer to the world of charcoal cooking, these alternative ignition techniques will expand your grilling repertoire and add versatility to your Pit Barrel cooking journey.

Get ready to explore the exciting realm of lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney and discover new ways to light your Pit Barrel Cooker without missing a beat.

Why Choose Alternative Methods for Ignition: Benefits of Chimney-Free Charcoal Lighting

While chimney starters have long been the go-to method for lighting charcoal in your Pit Barrel Cooker, there are compelling reasons to explore alternative methods for ignition. Choosing chimney-free charcoal lighting offers several distinct advantages that can enhance your PBC experience.

  • Convenience: One of the primary benefits of chimney-free charcoal lighting is convenience. You don't need to rely on a separate chimney starter, making the process more streamlined. This is especially valuable when you're at a remote cooking location or simply want to minimize equipment.
  • Time Efficiency: Alternative methods often allow for faster ignition. Whether you're using electric charcoal starters or fire starters, they can get your charcoal ready for cooking in less time compared to waiting for coals to heat up in a chimney starter.
  • Experimentation: Exploring chimney-free lighting methods allows you to experiment with different techniques. You can tailor your ignition method to the specific flavors and cooking styles you want to achieve, giving you more culinary flexibility.
  • Accessibility: Sometimes, you may find yourself without a chimney starter at hand. Having knowledge of alternative ignition methods ensures that you can still enjoy Pit Barrel cooking even in situations where a chimney starter isn't available.
  • Versatility: By embracing chimney-free lighting, you can add versatility to your Pit Barrel cooking arsenal. Each alternative method brings its unique flavor and lighting process to the table, allowing you to create diverse and exciting barbecue dishes.
  • Efficiency in Cold Weather: Chimney-free methods can be particularly useful in cold weather conditions when traditional chimney starters may take longer to heat up. These alternatives can help you maintain consistent temperatures and get your Pit Barrel Cooker ready for action more efficiently.

chimney-free charcoal lighting offers numerous benefits

In the sections that follow, we'll delve into specific alternative methods for your PBC, providing step-by-step instructions and insights into how each method can enhance your charcoal lighting process. Whether you're seeking convenience, speed, or a chance to experiment with new techniques, chimney-free charcoal lighting offers numerous benefits that can elevate your Pit Barrel cooking game.

Lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker With Lighter Fluid

Method 1: Using Charcoal Chimney Starter

When it comes to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, it might seem counterintuitive to start with a chimney starter. However, this method provides an alternative approach that can be both effective and familiar to many grillmasters.

Charcoal Ignition with a Chimney Starter

Using a charcoal chimney starter to light your PBC offers certain advantages. It's a reliable and well-established technique that ensures even and consistent heat distribution in your cooker. Here's how you can adapt this method for your Pit Barrel Cooker:

  1. Prepare Your Charcoal: Fill the charcoal chimney with plenty of coals. You can use lump charcoal or briquettes, depending on your preference.
  2. Use Fire Starters: Place fire starters or crumpled newspaper beneath the chimney starter and light them. Ensure that the flames make contact with the bottom of the chimney.
  3. Wait for Coals to Ignite: Allow the coals to ignite and develop a white, ashy exterior. This typically takes around 15-20 minutes.
  4. Dump the Coals: Once the coals are ready, carefully pour the lit coals into the charcoal basket of your Pit Barrel Cooker.
  5. Set Up for Cooking: After placing the charcoal basket in the bottom of the PBC. Place your grill grate inside the Pit Barrel Cooker and gather any additional accessories you need, and you're ready to start cooking.

Charcoal Chimney Pros and Cons

While using a chimney starter for your Pit Barrel Cooker can be effective, it's important to consider the pros and cons:

Pros

  • Even Heat Distribution: The chimney starter ensures that your coals are evenly lit, contributing to consistent cooking temperatures.
  • Familiarity: If you've used chimney starters for other grilling or barbecue purposes, this method may feel comfortable and straightforward.

Cons

  • Separate Equipment: You need to have a charcoal chimney starter on hand, which may not always be convenient or accessible.
  • Longer Setup Time: It can take some time to ignite the coals and transfer them to your Pit Barrel Cooker, which may not be as time-efficient as other methods.

Conclusion:

In the sections to follow, we'll explore additional chimney-free methods for lighting your Pit Barrel Cooker, offering you a range of options to suit your preferences and cooking needs.

lighting a pit barrel cooker without a chimney

Lighting Process 2: Using Electric Charcoal Starters

When it comes to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, electric charcoal starters provide a modern and efficient alternative. These devices are designed to quickly and evenly ignite your charcoal, making them a convenient option for Pit Barrel enthusiasts.

Efficient Charcoal Lighting with Electric Starters

Electric charcoal starters are designed to simplify the ignition process, making it quicker and hassle-free. Here's how you can use them to light your Pit Barrel Cooker:

  1. Prepare Your Charcoal: Arrange your charcoal briquets or lump charcoal in the charcoal basket of your Pit Barrel Cooker.
  2. Insert the Electric Starter: Insert the tip of the electric starter into the charcoal at several points, ensuring that it's evenly distributed.
  3. Turn On the Electric Starter: Plug in the electric starter and turn it on. The heating element will rapidly ignite the charcoal.
  4. Wait for Coals to Ignite: Allow the coals to ignite and develop a white, ashy exterior. This typically takes around 7-10 minutes, making it a faster method compared to some others.
  5. Remove the Starter: Once the coals are ready, carefully remove the electric starter.
  6. Set Up for Cooking: Place your grill grate and any additional accessories needed for your cook.

Electric Charcoal Starter Benefits

Using electric charcoal starters for your Pit Barrel Cooker offers several advantages:

  • Speed: Electric starters are exceptionally fast, getting your charcoal ready for cooking in a matter of minutes.
  • Even Ignition: They ensure even ignition, contributing to consistent cooking temps.
  • No Additional Fuel: Unlike chimney starters that require additional fire starters or newspaper, electric starters don't need any extra fuel sources.
  • Convenience: Electric starters are easy to use, making the lighting process straightforward and hassle-free.
  • Minimal Mess: This method produces minimal mess and ash compared to some traditional ignition methods.

By opting for electric charcoal starters, you can streamline the charcoal lighting process for lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, making it a practical choice for both newcomers and seasoned barbecue enthusiasts. It's a method that combines efficiency, convenience, and reliability for an exceptional cooking experience.

Flavors Of The Grill Cookbook-min

Gain the skills and confidence You need to Level up your BBQ game with my FREE Cookbook

lighting a pit barrel cooker without a chimney 2

Lighting Method 3: Using Fire Starters or Cubes

When you're looking for a quick and efficient way to lighting the PBC without a chimney, fire starters or cubes can be your go-to choice. This method offers simplicity and reliability in getting your charcoal ready for cooking.

Quick Ignition with Fire Starters or Cubes

Fire starters or cubes are compact and designed for rapid ignition.

Here's how you can use them effectively with your Pit Barrel Cooker:

  1. Prepare Your Charcoal: Fill the coal basket of your Pit Barrel Cooker with the desired amount of charcoal, whether it's briquettes or lump charcoal.
  2. Position the Fire Starters: Place the fire starters or cubes evenly among the charcoal. You can distribute them across the surface or create a grid pattern, ensuring that each cube has contact with the charcoal.
  3. Ignite the Fire Starters: Light the fire starters or cubes using a long lighter or a match. Make sure they catch fire and begin to burn.
  4. Wait for Coals to Ignite: Allow the fire starters or cubes to burn and ignite the surrounding charcoal. You'll notice the charcoal beginning to glow and develop a white, ashy exterior. Be patient and let your coals burn.
  5. Remove Any Residue: Once the coals are lit, ensure that any remaining packaging or residue from the fire starters or cubes is removed to avoid any unwanted flavors during cooking.
  6. Set Up for Cooking: With the coals ready, place your cooking grate and any accessories required for your specific cook.

Fire Starter Techniques for Pit Barrel Cooking

Using fire starters or cubes for your Pit Barrel Cooker offers several advantages:

  1. Speed: This method is relatively quick, allowing you to start cooking within a reasonable timeframe.
  2. Convenience: Fire starters or cubes are easy to handle and require minimal preparation.
  3. Even Ignition: When positioned correctly, fire starters or cubes can ensure even ignition of your charcoal, contributing to consistent cooking temperatures.
  4. Minimal Mess: Compared to some traditional ignition methods, fire starters or cubes typically produce minimal mess and ash.

By employing fire starters or cubes, you can simplify the process of lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney and enjoy the convenience of quick and efficient charcoal ignition for your barbecue adventures.

lighting a pit barrel cooker without a chimney 3

PBC Lighting Method 4: The Newspaper and Charcoal Pyramid Technique

For Pit Barrel Cooker enthusiasts who prefer a more traditional and budget-friendly approach to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, the newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique can be a reliable and effective choice.

Charcoal Lighting with a Newspaper and Pyramid

This method involves creating a pyramid of charcoal briquettes or lump charcoal using newspaper as the ignition source.

Here's how you can use this technique to light your Pit Barrel Cooker:

  1. Prepare Your Charcoal: Arrange the charcoal in the charcoal basket of your Pit Barrel Cooker, shaping it into a pyramid. Ensure that there's a hollow space in the center of the pyramid to accommodate the newspaper.
  2. Insert Newspaper: Crumple several sheets of newspaper and place them in the hollow space at the center of the charcoal pyramid.
  3. Light the Newspaper: Use a long lighter or a match to ignite the newspaper. The flames will travel upwards, gradually igniting the charcoal around them.
  4. Wait for Coals to Ignite: Allow the newspaper to burn and ignite the charcoal. As the charcoal catches fire and develops a white, ashy exterior, it will be ready for cooking.
  5. Remove Any Residue: Once the coals are lit, ensure that any remaining newspaper residue is removed to prevent any unwanted flavors during cooking.
  6. Set Up for Cooking: With the coals ready, place your cooking grate and any accessories needed for your cook.

Alternative Ignition Using Newspaper

The newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique offers several benefits:

  • Cost-Effective: Newspaper is readily available and cost-effective, making it an economical choice for ignition.
  • Simplicity: This method is straightforward and requires minimal equipment, making it accessible to a wide range of barbecue enthusiasts.
  • Even Ignition: When executed correctly, the newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique can ensure even ignition, contributing to consistent cooking temperatures.
  • Environmentally Friendly: Newspaper is biodegradable, making it an environmentally friendly ignition source.

While this method may take a bit longer than some of the more modern ignition techniques, it's a reliable and budget-friendly option for lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney. It brings a touch of nostalgia to your barbecue experience while still delivering the satisfying results of chimney-free charcoal ignition.

Lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker With Lighter Fluid

Tips for a Successful Pit Barrel Cooker Lighting Without a Chimney

When it comes to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, following a few key tips can help ensure a smooth and successful ignition process. Whether you're using electric starters, fire starters, or the newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique, these pro tips and tricks will enhance your charcoal lighting experience.

Pro Tips for Efficient Pit Barrel Lighting

  • Prepare Your Charcoal: Ensure that your charcoal is arranged properly in the charcoal basket or pyramid. Evenly-spaced charcoal allows for consistent ignition.
  •  Ventilation: Maintain proper ventilation by adjusting the Pit Barrel Cooker's intake and exhaust dampers. This helps control airflow and temperature during ignition.
  • Weather Considerations: In cold or windy conditions, lighting charcoal can be more challenging. Consider using windbreaks or shields to protect the coals during ignition.
  • Use the Right Amount of Ignition Material: Whether you're using electric starters or fire starters, it's essential not to overuse ignition material. Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for the correct amount.
  • Safety First: Always prioritize safety. Use appropriate safety gear when handling ignition materials, and keep a fire extinguisher or bucket of sand nearby in case of emergencies.
  • Monitor the Charcoal: Keep an eye on the charcoal during ignition to ensure it's evenly lighting. Adjust the placement of the ignition material if needed.
  • Timing: Be patient and allow the coals to develop a white, ashy exterior before cooking. Rushing this process can lead to uneven heating and less desirable results.

Tricks to Ensure Smooth Ignition

  • Use a Charcoal Basket: Placing your charcoal in a charcoal basket helps maintain organization and airflow, ensuring efficient ignition.
  • Preheat Your Pit Barrel Cooker: Preheating the cooker slightly can help speed up the ignition process, especially in cold weather.
  • Experiment with Ignition Materials: While some methods may be more familiar, consider experimenting with different ignition materials to find what works best for your specific cooking needs and conditions.
  • Practice: Like any skill, mastering the art of lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney may take practice. Don't be discouraged by initial attempts, and keep refining your technique.

By incorporating these tips and tricks into your charcoal lighting process, you'll be well on your way to achieving efficient and successful ignition for your Pit Barrel Cooker. Remember that practice and experience are valuable allies in perfecting your chimney-free charcoal lighting skills.

how does a pit barrel cooker work 5

Safety Precautions for Lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker Without a Chimney

While lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney can be a rewarding and effective method, it's essential to prioritize safety throughout the ignition process. Following safety measures and precautions helps ensure a secure and enjoyable barbecue experience.

Ensuring Safety in Chimney-Free Ignition

  • Proper Ventilation: Ensure that you're lighting your Pit Barrel Cooker in a well-ventilated area. Adequate airflow is essential for efficient combustion and prevents the buildup of potentially harmful gases.
  • Fireproof Surface: Place your Pit Barrel Cooker on a fireproof surface or grill mat to protect your surroundings from heat and potential sparks.
  • Keep a Safe Distance: Maintain a safe distance from the ignition source, whether it's an electric starter, fire starter, or newspaper. Keep flammable materials away from the ignition area.
  • Use Safety Gear: When handling ignition materials or hot coals, wear appropriate safety gear, including heat-resistant gloves and eye protection.
  • Fire Extinguisher or Bucket of Sand: Have a fire extinguisher or a bucket of sand nearby as a precaution. In case of unexpected flare-ups or accidents, these can help control small fires.
  •  Children and Pets: Keep children and pets away from the ignition area and the Pit Barrel Cooker while it's in use. Hot surfaces can pose a danger.
  • Stay Alert: Be attentive throughout the ignition process, and avoid distractions. This ensures that you can respond quickly to any unexpected situations.
  • Follow Manufacturer Instructions: If you're using electric starters or specific ignition devices, follow the manufacturer's instructions closely to ensure safe operation.

Pit Barrel Cooker Lighting Safety Measures:

  • Inspect Your Pit Barrel Cooker: Regularly inspect your cooker for any signs of wear, damage, or rust. Ensure that all components are in good condition before lighting.
  • Dampers and Vents: Familiarize yourself with the damper and vent locations on your Pit Barrel Cooker. Adjust them as needed to control airflow and temperature during ignition.
  • Safety Lid: Use the safety lid provided with your Pit Barrel Cooker to cover the top while lighting. This helps contain heat and sparks, preventing accidents.
  • Practice Safe Storage: When not in use, store your Pit Barrel Cooker in a safe location away from flammable materials, and ensure that it's cooled down completely.

By adhering to these safety precautions and measures, you can enjoy the benefits of lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney while minimizing the risks associated with barbecue ignition. Safety should always be a top priority in your outdoor cooking adventures.

lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker with Lighter Fluid

Troubleshooting 10 Common lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney Issues and Solutions

When it comes to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, it's possible to encounter some common ignition problems. However, with the right knowledge and troubleshooting skills, you can quickly address these challenges and ensure a successful ignition process.

Addressing Common Ignition Problems:

Slow Ignition

If your charcoal is taking longer than expected to ignite, ensure that you're using the right amount of ignition material. Consider using more if needed, and check for proper ventilation to improve airflow.

Inconsistent Heat

Inconsistent heating can be caused by uneven ignition. Ensure that your charcoal is evenly distributed and that the ignition source is positioned correctly to ignite all parts of the charcoal.

Cold Weather Challenges

Cold weather can affect ignition. To combat this, preheat your Pit Barrel Cooker slightly before lighting, use windbreaks to shield from the cold, and consider using a higher quantity of ignition material.

Wind Disruption

Wind can blow away heat and affect the ignition process. Position your Pit Barrel Cooker in a sheltered area or use windbreaks to protect the coals while they ignite.

Patience

Sometimes, charcoal may take a little longer to ignite. Be patient and allow sufficient time for the coals to develop a white, ashy exterior.

Repositioning

If you notice that certain areas of your charcoal haven't ignited, carefully reposition the ignition source or add more ignition material to those spots.

Adjusting Dampers

Fine-tune your Pit Barrel Cooker's intake and exhaust dampers to control airflow. Proper damper adjustment can help regulate temperature and improve ignition.

Restart if Necessary

If your initial ignition attempt isn't successful, don't hesitate to restart the process. Identify the issue and make necessary adjustments for a better result.

Consult the Pit Barrel Community

If you encounter persistent ignition challenges, reach out to the Pit Barrel community or online forums. Experienced Pit Barrel enthusiasts often share valuable insights and solutions.

troubleshoot and address challenges

By understanding common ignition issues and having quick solutions at hand, you can effectively troubleshoot and address challenges that may arise when lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney. This ensures that your barbecue experience remains enjoyable and hassle-free, even in the face of ignition hurdles.

Lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker With Lighter Fluid

Lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker Without a Chimney Starter Conclusion

In conclusion, lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney is not only possible but also opens the door to a world of barbecue possibilities. By exploring alternative ignition methods, you can savor the rich flavors of BBQ while enjoying the convenience and versatility of various lighting options.

Savoring Flavorful BBQ with Non-Chimney Lighting

Whether you choose electric starters, fire starters, newspaper and charcoal pyramids, or other methods, you'll discover that each approach brings its own unique charm to your Pit Barrel cooking experience. From the smoky, slow-cooked goodness of electric starters to the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of newspaper and charcoal pyramids, alternative ignition methods offer a range of benefits.

By mastering these techniques, you can confidently complete lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney in various conditions, whether you're dealing with cold weather, windy days, or simply prefer a chimney-free approach.

The Versatility of Ignition Options

One of the great advantages of Pit Barrel cooking is its versatility. Just as you can cook a wide array of dishes, you can also choose from a range of ignition options to suit your needs and preferences. The flexibility to adapt your ignition method enhances your overall barbecue experience and ensures that you're always in control of the cooking process.

As you embark on your Pit Barrel cooking journey, don't hesitate to explore different ignition methods, troubleshoot any challenges that arise, and prioritize safety throughout the process. With each successful cook, you'll gain confidence and expertise in lighting your Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, elevating your BBQ game to new heights.

So, whether you're a seasoned Pit Barrel enthusiast or just starting your BBQ adventures, remember that chimney-free ignition methods offer a world of flavors waiting to be discovered. Enjoy the journey, experiment with different techniques, and savor the delicious results that await you on the grill.

Make sure to comeback to SmokyBeginnings.com as we are continuously adding new recipes and tips to the site.



Lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker Without a Chimney
 FAQs

Q: How do I light a pit barrel cooker without a chimney?

A: If lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney, you can follow these steps:

  1. Prepare your charcoal: Start by filling the charcoal basket with the desired amount of charcoal. You can use charcoal briquettes or lump charcoal.
  2. Choose your lighting method: There are different ways to light the coals in a pit barrel cooker. You can use a charcoal starter cube, a custom pit with rebar, or other lighting methods.
  3. Place the lighting device: Position your lighting device at the bottom of the pit barrel cooker. If using a charcoal starter cube, place it directly under the charcoal in the basket.
  4. Add coals to the top: If using a lighting device other than a chimney starter, add some lit coals from the chimney on top of the unlit coals in the basket.
  5. Let the coals burn: Allow the coals to burn for a few minutes until they are fully lit. You can tell when they are ready by the ashed appearance and the high temperature.
  6. Adjust the airflow: To control the temperature, adjust the amount of airflow by adjusting the bottom and top vents of the pit barrel cooker.
  7. Start cooking: Once the coals are lit and the desired temperature is reached, you can start cooking your favorite cuts of meat in the pit barrel cooker.

Q: What are the different lighting methods I can use?

A: There are several ways that you can do when it comes to lighting a Pit Barrel Cooker without a chimney. Some popular options include:

  • Charcoal starter cube: A charcoal starter cube is a convenient and efficient way to light the coals. Simply place the cube at the bottom of the pit barrel cooker, under the charcoal.
  • Custom pit with rebar: Some pit barrel cooker enthusiasts create their own custom pits with rebar. By strategically placing the rebar, you can create a direct heat source to light the coals.
  • Other lighting methods: Depending on your setup and preferences, you can also experiment with other lighting methods such as using a small amount of lighter fluid or using a chimney on top of the unlit coals.

Q: Can I use lighter fluid to light a pit barrel cooker?

A: While it is possible to use lighter fluid to light a pit barrel cooker, it is generally not recommended. Lighter fluid can leave a residual taste and odor on the cooked food, which may not be desirable. It is best to use alternative lighting methods such as a charcoal starter cube or other natural methods for better flavor results.

Q: How do you light a charcoal on a Pit Barrel Cooker?

A: Lighting charcoal on a Pit Barrel Cooker can be done using alternative methods such as electric starters, fire starters, or the newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique. These methods allow you to ignite the charcoal without a chimney.

Q: How do you light a Pit Barrel smoker?

A: To light a Pit Barrel smoker, you can use various ignition methods, including electric starters, fire starters, or the newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique. These techniques offer chimney-free options for lighting your Pit Barrel smoker efficiently.

Q: How do you start a charcoal grill without a chimney?

A: Starting a charcoal grill without a chimney is possible using alternative ignition methods. You can opt for electric starters, fire starters, or the newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique to light the charcoal without the need for a chimney.

Q: How do you light charcoal without a chimney or lighter fluid?

A: Lighting charcoal without a chimney or lighter fluid can be achieved through alternative ignition methods. Electric starters, fire starters, and the newspaper and charcoal pyramid technique are effective options to ignite charcoal without relying on chimney or lighter fluid. These methods are both convenient and efficient for lighting charcoal for your grill or Pit Barrel Cooker.

Recent Posts

Page [tcb_pagination_current_page] of [tcb_pagination_total_pages]

About the author 

CJ Ferrara

CJ Ferrara is a BBQ enthusiast, who shares his passion for grilling and smoking meats with the readers of Smoky Beginnings. When he isn't grilling, smoking meat, or writing BBQ-focused articles you can catch him spending time with his family and enjoying a sporting event.


Find out more about CJ on our About Us page


{"email":"Email address invalid","url":"Website address invalid","required":"Required field missing"}